Kastek and Rgayty passes in written sources

The article talk about the mountain passes of Kastek and Yrgayty, related to complex dangerous parts caravan roads Antiquity Middle Ages. Between Zhetizhol Ridges in spurs Tien Shan (Khan Tengri Mountains) is Pass Rgaiti between Atzhailau Mountains. Caravan or migration paths passed through from Shu region Ily Valley, Rgayty along Shu-Ili mountain, overlook western end Balkhash Lake. names mountains this region, found written sources, their etymology are discussed more detail. origin “Kara-Kasmak,” “Arjatu,” “Urun-Arj,” analyzed. An overview also given meaning Uisun tribes that inhabited territory ancient times, “Uosuәn,” “Oswan,” “Asien,” “U-suni = Asian,” “Usun” (“Wusun”), sources. data identified on basis archaeological exploration work conducted by author recent years analyzed terms new Rgaity passes. gives an history studying medieval monuments with them, shows features topographic location sites discovered years. During article, which routes etymologically revised, “Usun Alatau” Pass” proposed data.